MicroRNAs and autism spectrum disorder: small tools for a complex disorder
Resumen
El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) abarca un grupo complejo de trastornos del desarrollo neural que se caracterizan por presentar deficiencias en la interacción social, la comunicación y motricidad del individuo. El TEA tiene un impacto en la salud pública, por lo que sería de gran utilidad contar con biomarcadores que permitan la identificación temprana del trastorno. En este sentido, los microRNAs (miRNAs), que son reguladores de una gran variedad de funciones celulares y cuyas alteraciones en su expresión han sido observadas en individuos con TEA, se comienzan a considerar como blancos potenciales para el desarrollo de estrategias de diagnóstico y terapéuticas para estos trastornos. Esta revisión se enfoca en algunos estudios sobre la participación de miRNAs en el TEA, en modelos animales y humanos, y hace una aproximación a su posible uso como biomarcadores.
Abstract: The autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a complex group of neural development disorders that are characterized by deficiencies in social interaction, communication, and motor skills of individuals. ASD has an impact on public health, so it would be very useful to have biomarkers that allow early identification of the disorder. In this sense, microRNAs (miRNAs), which are regulators of a wide variety of cellular functions and whose alterations in their expression have been observed in individuals with ASD, are beginning to be considered as potential targets for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for these disorders. This review focuses on some studies about the participation of miRNAs in ASD in animal models, as well as in humans, and makes an approach to their possible use as biomarkers.
Keywords: MicroRNAs; autism spectrum disorder; biomarker.
Palabras clave
Referencias
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v11i28.2562
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