La restricción perinatal de alimento altera el aprendizaje de preferencia al alimento en ratas Wistar macho adolescentes

Regina Fernández, Mirelta Regalado, Carmen Torrero, Lorena Rubio, Manuel Salas

Resumen


El efecto de la desnutrición temprana sobre el aprendizaje social de preferencia por el alimento se analizó en ratas adolescentes. En los días 1 y 2 se evaluaron las visitas al alimento y la ingesta de cocoa o canela en una prueba de preferencia al alimento por un demostrador (DEM) control (CG) o desnutrido (UG). En el día 3 en una caja adyacente al DEM se registró, el número de miradas y el autoaseo que realiza el OBS. Durante el encuentro social del DEM+OBS, se evaluó el número de contactos con la cabeza dirigidos al DEM, olfateos y autoaseo del OBS. En el día 4, se registraron las visitas al alimento y la ingesta de cocoa o canela por el OBS CG y UG en la prueba de preferencia al alimento. Previo al encuentro social el OBS desnutrido redujo significativamente las miradas al DEM, y ambos DEM CG y UG prefirieron la canela. Durante el encuentro social en el OBS UG hubo un incremento significativo en el autoaseo y contactos con la cabeza, con menos olfateos que el UG. En el día 4 el OBS UG visitó más el alimento con sabor a cocoa y sólo el OBS UG prefirió la canela que el CG. Los resultados sugieren que la desnutrición temprana altera la habilidad para transferir a un compañero la preferencia por el alimento.


Abstract

The effects of early undernutrition on the social learning of food preference in adolescent rats were analyzed. On days 1, 2 of a food-preference test the visits to food and the cocoa vs. cinnamon ingestion by demonstrator (DEM) control (CG) or an underfed (UG) were measured. On day 3 in an adjacent cage to the DEM, the number of sights and self-grooming by an observer (OBS) was also noted. Thereafter, during a DEM + OBS social encounter, the number of head contacts, snout sniffing, and self-grooming by an OBS were measured. On day 4 of a food-preference test the visits to food and the cocoa vs. cinnamon ingestion by an OBS CG or UG were scored. Before the social encounter the OBS underfed significantly reduced the sights to the DEM, and both DEM CG and UG rats preferred the cinnamon. During the social encounter there were significant increases in the OBS UG in self-grooming and head contacts, with less snout sniffing than CG. On day 4 the OBS UG visited more the cocoa food and only the OBS UG preferred more cinnamon than controls. The findings suggest that early undernutrition disrupts the ability to transfer food preference to a partner.

Keywords: Food preference; rat; social learning; undernutrition.



Palabras clave


Preferencia al alimento; rata; aprendizaje social; desnutrición.

Referencias


Bousalham R, Benazzouz B, Hessni A El, Ouichou A, Mesfioui A. Maternal separation affects mothers ’ affective and reproductive behaviors as well as second offspring’s. Emotionality Test 2013 3: 409–414.

Brock JW and Prasad C. Alterations in dendritic spine density in the rat brain associated with protein malnutrition. Dev Brain Res 1992 66: 266–269.

Campbell LF and Bedi KS. The effects of undernutrition during early life on spatial learning. Physiol Behav 1989 45: 883–890.

Pascual R and Zamora-Leon SP. Effects of neonatal maternal deprivation and postweaning environmental complexity on dendritic morphology of prefrontal pyramidal neurons in the rat. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2007 67: 471–479.

Sullivan RM and Brake WG. What the rodent prefrontal cortex can teach us about attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: The critical role of early developmental events on prefrontal function. Behav Brain Res 2003 146: 43-55.

Bunney WE and Bunney BG. Evidence for a compromised dorsolateral prefrontal cortical parallel circuit in schizophrenia. Brain Res Rev 2000 31: 138–146.

Coupé B, Dutriez-Casteloot I, Breton C, Lefèvre F, Mairesse J, Dickes-Coopman A, Silhol M, Tapia-Arancibia L, Lesage J, Vieau D. Perinatal undernutrition modifies cell proliferation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels during critical time-windows for hypothalamic and hippocampal development in the male rat. J Neuroendocrinol 2009 21: 40–48.

Florian ML and Nunes ML. Effects of intra-uterine and early extra-uterine malnutrition on seizure threshold and hippocampal morphometry of pup rats. Nutr Neurosci 2010 13: 265–273.

Torrero C, Regalado M, Rubio L, Salas M. Effects of neonatal undernutrition on development of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex pyramidal Cells in the Rat. J Behav Brain Sci 2014 4: 49–57.

Hill DL and Almli CR. Parabrachial nuclei damage in infant rats produces residual deficits in gustatory preferences/aversions and sodium appetite. Dev Psychobiol 1983 16: 519–533.

Kinzeler NR and Travers SP. Licking and gaping elicited by microstimulation of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008 295: R436–R448.

Portella AK, Kajantie E, Hovi P, Desai M, Ross MG, Goldani MZ, Roseboom TJ, Silveira PP. Effects of in utero conditions on adult feeding preferences. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2012 3: 140-152.

Rubio L, Torrero C, Regalado M, Salas M. Alterations in the solitary tract nucleus of the rat following perinatal food restriction and subsequent nutritional rehabilitation. Nutr Neurosci 2004 7: 291–300.

Sakai N and Imada S. Bilateral lesions of the insular cortex or of the prefrontal cortex block the association between taste and odor in the rat. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2003 80: 24–31.

Salas M, Torrero C, Rubio L, Regalado M. Effects of perinatal undernutrition on the development of neurons in the rat insular cortex. Nutr Neurosci 2012 15: 20-25.

Torrero C, Regalado M, Rubio L, Salas M. Parabrachial neuron development : Effects of pre- and neonatal undernutrition in the rat. Open J Mol Intgr Physiol 2012 2: 112–118.

Mennella JA. Ontogeny of taste preferences: Basic biology and implications for health1-5. Am J Clin Nutr 2014 99: 704S-711S.

Stickrod G, Kimble DP, Smotherman WP. In utero taste/odor aversion conditioning in the rat. Physiol Behav 1982 28: 5–7.

Harada S, Yamaguchi K, Kanemaru N, Kasahara Y. Maturation of taste buds on the soft palate of the postnatal rat. Physiol Behav 2000 68: 333–339.

Steiner JE. The gustofacial response: observation on normal and anencephalic newborn infants. Symp Oral Sens Percept 1973 4: 254–278.

Chan MM and Kare MR. Effect of vitamin B-6 deficiency on preference for several taste solutions in the rat. J Nutr 1979 109: 339–344.

Reifen R, Agami O, Weiser H, Biesalski H, Naim M. Impaired responses to sweet taste in vitamin A-deficient rats. Metabolism 1998 47: 1–2.

Fraňková S. Effect of protein-calorie malnutrition on the development of social behavior in rats. Dev Psychobiol 1973 6: 33–43.

Galef BG. Social learning of food preferences in rodents: rapid appetitive learning. Curr Protoc Neurosci 2003 Chapter 8, Unit 8.5D.

Gariépy J-F, Watson KK, Du E, Xie DL, Erb J, Amasino D, Platt ML. Social learning in humans and other animals. Front Neurosci 2014 8: 1-13.

Vandenbergh JG. Prenatal hormone exposure and sexual variation. Am Sci 2003 91: 218–225.

National Research Council. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals En: National Research Council of the National Academies, Editor. Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington DC: National Acadmeies Press. 2003 Pp 209.

Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-062-ZOO-1999).

Altman J and Bayer SA. Atlas of prenatal rat brain development. 1995.

Sengupta P. The laboratory rat: Relating its age with human’s. Int J Prev Med 2013 4: 624-630.

Massaro TF, Levitsky DA, Barnes RH. Early protein malnutrition in the rat: behavioral changes during rehabilitation. Dev Psychobiol 1977 10: 105–111.

Álaez C, Calvo R, Obregon MJ, Pascual-Leone AM. Thyroid hormones and 5’-deiodinase activity in neonatal undernourished rats. Endocrinology 1992 130: 773–779.

Evoniuk GE, Kuhn CM, Schanberg SM. The effect of tactile stimulation on serum growth hormone and tissue ornithine decarboxylase activity during maternal deprivation in rat pups. Commun. Psychopharmacol 1979 3: 363–370.

Kuhn CM, Butler SR, Schanberg SM. Selective depression of serum growth hormone during maternal deprivation in rat pups. Science 1978 201: 1034–1036.

Schanberg SM, Evoniuk G, Kuhn CM. Tactile and nutritional aspects of maternal care: specific regulators of neuroendocrine function and cellular development. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1984 175: 135–146.

Almeida SS, Garcia RA, de Oliveira LM. Effects of early protein malnutrition and repeated testing upon locomotor and exploratory behaviors in the elevated plus-maze. Physiol Behav 1993 54: 749–752.

Bedi KS. Effects of undernutrition during early life on granule cell numbers in the rat dentate gyrus. J Comp Neurol 1991 311: 425–433.

Passetti F, Chudasama Y, Robbins TW. The frontal cortex of the rat and visual attentional performance: dissociable functions of distinct medial prefrontal subregions. Cereb Cortex 2002 12: 1254–1268.

Febo M, Felix-Ortiz AC, Johnson TR. Inactivation or inhibition of neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex largely reduces pup retrieval and grouping in maternal rats. Brain Res 2010 1325: 77–88.

Geva R, Zivan M, Warsha A, Olchik D. Alerting, orienting or executive attention networks: differential patterns of pupil dilations. Front Behav Neurosci 2013 7, 1-11.

Salas M, Pulido S, Torrero C, Escobar C. Neonatal undernutrition and self-grooming development in the rat: long-term effects. Physiol Behav 1991 50: 567–572.

Spruijt BM, Cools AR, Gispen WH. The periaqueductal gray: a prerequisite for ACTH-induced excessive grooming. Behav Brain Res 1986 20: 19–25.

De Kloet ER, Oitzl MS, Joëls M. Stress and cognition: Are corticosteroids good or bad guys? Trends Neurosci 1999 22: 422-426.

Macrì S and Würbel H. Developmental plasticity of HPA and fear responses in rats: A critical review of the maternal mediation hypothesis. Horm Behav 2006 50: 667-680.

Froemke RC, Letzkus JJ, Kampa BM, Hang GB, Stuart GJ. Dendritic synapse location and neocortical spike-timing dependent plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2010 2: 1-14.

Debassio WA, Kemper TL, Tonkiss J, Galler JR. Effect of prenatal protein deprivation on postnatal granule cell generation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Brain Res Bull 1996 41: 379–383.

Frias C, Torrero C, Regalado M, Salas M. Development of mitral cells and olfactory bulb layers in neonatally undernourished rats. Nutr Neurosci 2009 12: 96–104.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v6i13.2583

Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.


 

eNeurobiología es una publicación cuatrimestral editada por el Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales de la Universidad Veracruzana. Estamos ubicados en Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala, s/n, colonia Industrial Ánimas, C.P. 91190, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, México. Teléfono: 8418900 ext. 13062, www.iice.uv.mx; eneurobiologia@uv.mx. Reserva de Derechos al Uso Exclusivo 04-2023-061314100600-102, otorgada por el Instituto Nacional de Derechos de Autor. ISSN: 2007-3054. Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.