Maternal care: efficient and inefficient mothers
Resumen
El vínculo entre la madre y su descendencia es un aspecto fundamental del desarrollo del individuo. La madre es la que brinda cuidados y procura la supervivencia del infante. La calidad de dicha atención dependerá en gran medida del estado de salud física y de un ambiente propicio con mayor oportunidad de cubrir las necesidades básicas, así como un bajo nivel de estrés. Este tema ha sido estudiado desde muchas perspectivas, como la psicológica, médica y social. Recientemente se han descrito algunos procesos neurobiológicos de la maternidad, como son; el impacto de la relación madre-cría tanto en el sistema nervioso del infante como de la madre. En la cría esta relación afectará todo su desarrollo, desde su etapa fetal, hasta la adultez. En este trabajo exploramos lo que hasta hoy se conoce en la literatura acerca de del vínculo madre-cría en el desarrollo de un individuo sano y la correspondencia de un vínculo deficiente con alteraciones en el desarrollo de la progenie o incluso la no supervivencia.
Abstract
The bond between mother and offspring is a fundamental aspect of individual development. The mother is the one who provides care and seeks infant survival. The quality of such care will depend largely on the state of physical health and an environment with greater opportunity to meet basic needs and a low stress. This topic has been studied from many perspectives, such as psychological, medical and social. Recently described some neurobiological processes motherhood as they are; the impact of mother-offspring relationship both in the nervous system of the infant and mother. In raising this relationship affect all its development from its fetal stage to adulthood. In this paper we explore what today is known in the literature about the mother-infant in the development of a healthy individual and the link between a poor relationship and alterations in the development of progeny or even no offspring survival.
Keywords: Maternal behavior; maternal attachment; mammals; offspring.
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