Efectos bioquímicos, fisiológicos, anatómicos y conductuales sobre el piso pélvico de mamíferos machos castrados y/o denervados

Salvador Sánchez-Mendizabal, Mayvi Alvarado-Olivarez, Donají Chi-Castañeda, Luis Isauro García, María Elena Hernández-Aguilar

Resumen


El piso pélvico (PP) es una estructura anatómica compleja que participa en diversas funciones, tales como el soporte de los órganos pélvicos, el control de la continencia y la función sexual. Las alteraciones en esta región tienen un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de los individuos. Sin embargo, las investigaciones sobre su función y disfunción han sido menos exploradas en el sexo masculino en comparación con el sexo femenino. En el ámbito de las neurociencias y la fisiología, los modelos animales han proporcionado herramientas esenciales para estudiar las alteraciones del PP, particularmente mediante procedimientos como la castración y la denervación. Estos modelos permiten analizar los efectos de la ausencia de hormonas gonadales y de la interrupción de la inervación sobre el tejido muscular, los mecanismos metabólicos y la conducta. Esta revisión aborda los efectos bioquímicos, fisiológicos, anatómicos y conductuales observados en mamíferos machos que han sido sometidos a castración, denervación o a una combinación de ambos procedimientos. El análisis se basa en estudios publicados entre los años 2000 y 2023, que incluyen artículos originales y revisiones relevantes relacionadas con el piso pélvico, identificados a partir de búsquedas de palabras clave en Pubmed, Google Scholar o directamente en revistas indexadas. El objetivo de esta revisión es contribuir a una compresión más profunda de las alteraciones en el PP masculino, identificar lagunas en el conocimiento y explorar posibles aplicaciones clínicas y terapéuticas para las afecciones relacionadas con esta región anatómica.

Abstract

The pelvic floor (PF) is a complex anatomical structure involved in various functions, such as pelvic organ support, continence control, and sexual function. Alterations in this region can have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals. Research on its function and dysfunction has been less explored in the male sex compared to the female sex. In the field of neuroscience and physiology, animal models have provided essential tools to study alterations in the PF, specifically through procedures such as castration and denervation. These models allow the analysis of the effects of the absence of gonadal hormones and the interruption of innervation on muscle tissue, metabolic mechanisms, and behavior. This review addresses the biochemical, physiological, anatomical, and behavioral effects observed in male mammals that have undergone castration, denervation and combination of both procedures. The analysis is based on studies published between 2000 and 2023 on original articles and relevant reviews related to the pelvic floor, identified from keyword searches in PubMed, Google Scholar or directly from indexed journals. The aim is to provide a broader understanding of alterations in the male PF, identify gaps in knowledge and explore possible clinical and therapeutic applications for conditions related to this anatomical region.

Keywords: Physiology; continence; dysfunction; sexual; muscle.


Palabras clave


Fisiología; continencia; disfunción; sexual; músculo.

Texto completo:

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v16i41.2641

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