Diferencias en la evaluación de imágenes afectivas en distintas etapas del desarrollo humano

Eduardo Acosta Marí, Xamanek Cortijo Palacios, Blandina Bernal Morales, Martín Cadena Barajas, Tamara Cibrián Llanderal

Resumen


El Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (IAPS por sus siglas en inglés) utiliza una serie de estímulos pictográficos con carga emocional, el cual se considera uno de los sistemas más fiables y válidos en el estudio experimental de las emociones. Objetivo. Examinar si existen diferencias en la evaluación de un bloque del IAPS entre adultos jóvenes y adultos medios. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo, con una muestra de 151 participantes, hombres y mujeres. Se conformaron dos grupos de voluntarios: el primero, compuesto por 83 adultos entre 18-40 años (60% mujeres y 40% hombres, con una edad promedio de 20 años) y el segundo integrado por 68 adultos entre 41-60 años (72% mujeres y 28% hombres, con una edad promedio de 53 años). Resultados. Mediante la prueba de Rangos con signo de Wilcoxon, y usando el software estadístico R, encontramos diferencias significativas en el 61.6% de las imágenes evaluadas. Conclusión. Los resultados demuestran que existe un procesamiento diferente de contenido emocional entre los adultos jóvenes y adultos medios lo que sugiere que la respuesta humana a imágenes afectivas depende de la etapa de desarrollo y las capacidades cognitivas.

 

Abstract

The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) uses a series of pictographic stimuli with emotional load. It is considered one of the most reliable and valid systems for the experimental study of emotions. Objective: To evaluate differences in the assessment of a block of the IAPS when applied to young adults and to middle-aged individuals. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 151 male and female participants. Two groups of volunteers, one consisting of 83 young adults (60% females and 40% males, with a mean age of 20 years) and the other consisting of 68 middle-aged individuals (72% females and 28% males, with a mean age of 53 years) were formed. Results. With the use of the Wilcoxon Test and R statistical software, significant differences were found in 61.6% of the images used in the evaluation. Conclusion: Results show that the processing of the emotional contents is different between young adults and middle-aged individuals, which suggest that human response to affective pictography depends on the stage of development and of cognitive abilities of the individual.

Keywords: Emotional recognition; International Affective Picture System; young adults; middle-age adults.


Palabras clave


Reconocimiento emocional; Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas; adultos jóvenes; adultos medios

Texto completo:

PDF

Referencias


Madera-Carrillo H, Zarabozo D, Ruiz-Díaz M, Berriel-Saez P. El Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (IAPS) en población mexicana. Autoevaluación con maniquíes y etiquetas. [Reporte Técnico] Universidad de Guadalajara 2015:1-267.

Lang PJ, Bradley MM, Cuthbert BN. International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Technical Manual and Affective Ratings. NIMH Cent Study Emot Atten 1997: 39–58.

Kleinginna PR, Kleinginna AM. A categorized list of emotion definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motiv Emot 1981 5: 345–379.

Lang PJ, Bradley MM, Cuthbert BN. International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-8 2008: 1-61.

Moltó J, Segarra P, López R, Esteller A, Fronfría A, Pastor MC, Poy R. Adaptación española del "International Affective Picture System" (IAPS). Tercera parte. Anal Psicol 2013 29: 965–984.

Papalia D, Feldman R, Martorell G. Desarrollo humano. McGraw Hill, México. 2012:8-9.

R Core Team. R: A languaje and environment for statical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Viena 2014.

Cuthbert BN, Bradley M, Zabaldo D, Martinez S, Lang PJ. Images for all ages: Women and emotional reactions. Psychophysiology 1994 31: S37.

Grühn D, Scheibe S. Age-related differences in valence and arousal ratings of pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Do ratings become more extreme with age? Behav Res Methods 2008 40: 512–521.

Pôrto WG. Normatization of 702 images set from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in a Brazilian elderly sample for emotion and attention testing. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2005 64: 161–163.

Pôrto WG, Bertolucci PHF, Bueno OFA. The paradox of age: an analysis of responses by aging Brazilians to International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2011 33: 10–15.

Gong X, Wang D. Applicability of the International Affective Picture System in Chinese older adults: A validation study. Psych J 2016 5: 117–124.

Brougham RR, Zail CM, Mendoza CM, Miller JR. Stress, sex differences, and coping strategies among college students. Curr Psychol 2009 28: 85–97.

Raskin H, McMorris BJ, Catalano RF, Fleming CB, Haggerty KP, Abbott RD. Increases in Alcohol and Marijuana Use During the Transition Out of High School Into Emerging Adulthood: The Effects of Leaving Home, Going to College, and High School Protective Factors. J Stud Alcohol 2006 67: 810–822.

Almeida DM, Horn MC. Is daily life more stressful during middle adulthood? En OG, Brim CD, Ryff RC, Kessler, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur foundation series on mental health and development. Studies on successful midlife development. How healthy are we?: A national study of well-being at midlife 2004: 425–451.

Almeida D, Serido J, McDonald D. Daily Life Stressors of Early and Late Baby Boomers. En Whitbourne SK, Willis SL, The Baby Boomers Grow Up: Contemporary Perspectives on Midlife. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2006: 163-183.

Lachman ME. Development in Midlife. Annu. Rev Psychol 2004 55: 305–331.

Bradley M, Lang PJ. Measuring Emotion: The Self-Assessment Semantic Differential Manikin and the Semantic Differential. J. Behav. Ther Exp Psychiatry 1994 25: 49–59.

Carstensen, LL, Isaacowitz DM, Charles ST. Taking time seriously—A theory of socioemotional selectivity. Amer Psych 1999 54, 165-181.

Kohlberg L. Stage and sequence: The cognitive development approach to socialization. En Goslin D, Handbook of

LeDoux JE. El cerebro emocional. Planeta, Buenos Aires. 1996: 50-55.

LeDoux JE. El cerebro emocional. Planeta, Buenos Aires. 1996: 50-55.

Damasio A. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. Avon Books, New York. 1994.

Lane RD, Reiman EM, Bradley MM, Lang PJ, Ahern GL, Davidson RJ, Schwartz GE. Neuroanatomical correlates of pleasant and unpleasant emotion. Neuropsychologia 1997 35: 1437–1444.

Lang PJ, Bradley MM. Emotion and the motivational brain. Biol Psychol 2010 84: 437–450.

Bäckman L, Lindenberger U, Li SC, Nyberg L. Linking cognitive aging to alterations in dopamine neurotransmitter functioning: Recent data and future avenues. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2010 34: 670–677.

Dreher JC, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Kohn P, Berman KF. Age-related changes in midbrain dopaminergic regulation of the human reward system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008 105, 15106–15111.

Vijayashankar N, Brody H. A quantitative study of the pigmented neurons in the nuclei locus ceruleus and subceruleus in man as related to aging. Neuripathol Exp Neurol 1979 38: 490-497.

Wilson RS, Boyle PA, Barnes LL, Schneider JA, Bennett DA. Life-span cognitive activity, neuropathologic burden, and cognitive aging. Neurology 2013 81: 314–321.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v8i19.2527

Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.


 

eNeurobiología es una publicación cuatrimestral editada por el Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales de la Universidad Veracruzana. Estamos ubicados en Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala, s/n, colonia Industrial Ánimas, C.P. 91190, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, México. Teléfono: 8418900 ext. 13062, www.iice.uv.mx; eneurobiologia@uv.mx. Reserva de Derechos al Uso Exclusivo 04-2023-061314100600-102, otorgada por el Instituto Nacional de Derechos de Autor. ISSN: 2007-3054. Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.