Diferencias en la evaluación de imágenes afectivas en distintas etapas del desarrollo humano
Resumen
El Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (IAPS por sus siglas en inglés) utiliza una serie de estímulos pictográficos con carga emocional, el cual se considera uno de los sistemas más fiables y válidos en el estudio experimental de las emociones. Objetivo. Examinar si existen diferencias en la evaluación de un bloque del IAPS entre adultos jóvenes y adultos medios. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo, con una muestra de 151 participantes, hombres y mujeres. Se conformaron dos grupos de voluntarios: el primero, compuesto por 83 adultos entre 18-40 años (60% mujeres y 40% hombres, con una edad promedio de 20 años) y el segundo integrado por 68 adultos entre 41-60 años (72% mujeres y 28% hombres, con una edad promedio de 53 años). Resultados. Mediante la prueba de Rangos con signo de Wilcoxon, y usando el software estadístico R, encontramos diferencias significativas en el 61.6% de las imágenes evaluadas. Conclusión. Los resultados demuestran que existe un procesamiento diferente de contenido emocional entre los adultos jóvenes y adultos medios lo que sugiere que la respuesta humana a imágenes afectivas depende de la etapa de desarrollo y las capacidades cognitivas.
Abstract
The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) uses a series of pictographic stimuli with emotional load. It is considered one of the most reliable and valid systems for the experimental study of emotions. Objective: To evaluate differences in the assessment of a block of the IAPS when applied to young adults and to middle-aged individuals. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 151 male and female participants. Two groups of volunteers, one consisting of 83 young adults (60% females and 40% males, with a mean age of 20 years) and the other consisting of 68 middle-aged individuals (72% females and 28% males, with a mean age of 53 years) were formed. Results. With the use of the Wilcoxon Test and R statistical software, significant differences were found in 61.6% of the images used in the evaluation. Conclusion: Results show that the processing of the emotional contents is different between young adults and middle-aged individuals, which suggest that human response to affective pictography depends on the stage of development and of cognitive abilities of the individual.
Keywords: Emotional recognition; International Affective Picture System; young adults; middle-age adults.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v8i19.2527
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