Efecto del estrés agudo prepuberal sobre la próstata: histología y expresión de OB-R, PRL-R, IL-6 y NFkB en la rata
Resumen
El estrés aumenta los niveles séricos de leptina y prolactina, lo cual puede facilitar la proliferación, diferenciación y supervivencia celular implicadas en el desarrollo del cáncer. Se exploró el efecto del estrés prepuberal agudo inducido por una inyección de lipopolisacárido de E. coli (LPS) sobre los cambios histológicos en la próstata dorsolateral (PDL) y ventral (PV) y sobre la expresión de receptores de leptina (OB-R), prolactina (PRL-R), factor nuclear kB (NF-kB) e interleucina 6 (IL-6). Previo al inicio de la pubertad en el día posnatal 35, un grupo experimental de machos recibió una única inyección de LPS (1.5 mg/kg) y el grupo control recibió solución salina. Para confirmar la eficacia del LPS se evaluó la presencia de ptosis, piloerección, letargia, acurrucamiento y cifosis en ambos grupos durante 48 h. En el día posnatal 90 las ratas se sacrificaron para determinar la histología de la próstata (tinción con hematoxilina y eosina) y los receptores se analizaron mediante la técnica de Western Blot. En el periodo prepuberal solo los animales tratados con LPS mostraron signos de enfermedad durante las primeras 24 h post inyección. En la edad adulta expresaron lesiones en la PDL y PV, así como un incremento del área alveolar en PV y un menor número de receptores para el PRL-R corto de 50 kD. Como conclusión se determinó que una única inyección de LPS durante el periodo prepuberal modifica las características histológicas y moleculares de la próstata de la rata, lo cual adiciona información para explicar el efecto del estrés sobre el desarrollo de patologías como el cáncer.
Abstract: Stress can increase the serum levels of leptin and prolactin, which in turn, can facilitate cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, implicated in cancer development. Herein, we explored the main effects of exposure to a single event of acute prepuberal stress induced by the injection of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on histological changes in the dorsolateral (DLP) and ventral (VP) prostate, and on the expression of receptors for leptin (OB-R), prolactin (PRL-R), nuclear factor kB (NF-kB), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Before the start of puberty (PND 35) one group of experimental males received a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1.5 mg/kg) whereas the control group received saline. To confirm the efficacy of LPS rats were monitored for ptosis, piloerection, lethargy, cuddling and kyphosis during 48 h after injection. At PND 90 the rats were euthanized for prostate histology (hematoxylin and eosin stain) and receptors were analyzed by western blots. During the prepuberal test only LPS males expressed signs of sickness during 24 h. In adulthood, LPS males expressed histological prostatic lesions in DLP and VP, and larger alveoli area in VP. Those males also expressed less PRL-R 50 kD receptors in VP. One single exposure to LPS during the prepuberal period can modify histological and molecular features of the rat’s prostate, which in turn, can help explain the effects of stress on the development of prostatic pathologies such as cancer.
Keywords: Stress; prostate; cancer; prolactin; puberty, LPS.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v12i29.2553
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