Contribución del sistema nervioso autónomo y la conducta sexual en la fisiopatología de la próstata
Resumen
La próstata es una glándula sexual accesoria encargada de producir y secretar el líquido prostático. En la rata macho este órgano está regulado por hormonas tales como testosterona (T) y prolactina (PRL), así como por el sistema nervioso autónomo (SNA), quien, a través de los nervios pélvico e hipogástrico que convergen en el ganglio pélvico mayor (GPM), provee de información sensitiva e inervación adrenérgica y colinérgica a la próstata. Daños en la inervación o alteraciones en los niveles hormonales de T y PRL causan cambios en la citoarquitectura y función de la próstata, sin embargo, un aspecto importante que se ha encontrado es que la actividad sexual contribuye a que se retrase la manifestación de las enfermedades reportadas en la glándula. Por lo anterior, esta revisión tiene el propósito fundamental de mostrar la relación que existe entre el SNA sobre el funcionamiento y la citoarquitectura de la próstata, así como el impacto que ejerce la conducta sexual sobre los cambios que se generan en la glándula prostática cuando se altera la inervación autonómica.
Abstract: The prostate is an accessory sex gland that is responsible for producing and secreting prostate fluid. In the male rat, this organ is regulated by hormones such as testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL), as well as by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which, through the pelvic and hypogastric nerves, that converge in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG), provides sensory information and adrenergic and cholinergic innervation to the prostate. Damages in the innervation or hormonal alterations cause changes in the cytoarchitecture and function of the prostate, but an important aspect is that sexual activity contributes to delaying the manifestation of the diseases in the gland. Therefore, this review has the fundamental purpose of showing, the relationship that exists between the ANS on the functioning and the cytoarchitecture of the prostate, as well as the impact that sexual behavior has on the changes that are generated in the prostate gland when autonomic innervation is damaged.
Keywords: Prostate; major pelvic ganglion; sexual behavior.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25009/eb.v12i29.2552
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