El status epilepticus no modifica la memoria de trabajo en ratas de 21 días de edad: un estudio preliminar

Jesús Servando Medel-Matus, Rosa Angélica Medel-Matus, Joel Martínez-Quiroz, Deysi Y. Bermúdez-Ocaña, César A. Pérez-Estudillo, Luis I. García, Genaro A. Coria-Ávila, María Leonor López-Meraz

Resumen


El status epilepticus (SE) es un tipo de actividad epiléptica que se caracteriza por la presencia de crisis convulsivas por un tiempo prolongado, manifestándose con mayor frecuencia en la población pediátrica. Entre las consecuencias del SE en humanos y en animales de experimentación se encuentra el deterioro en los procesos de memoria y cognición. Sin embargo, no existen estudios realizados poco tiempo después de que suceda el SE en animales en desarrollo para evaluar sus efectos en la memoria de trabajo. Objetivos.Determinar si el SE causado en animales de 14 días de edad deteriora la memoria de trabajo al ser evaluado durante el día posnatal 21, utilizando el modelo de reconocimiento de un objeto nuevo. Material y métodos. Se utilizaron ratas de la cepa Wistar de ambos géneros. Las ratas se inyectaron con cloruro de litio (LiCl, 3 mEq/Kg, i.p.) el día postnatal 13 y 20 h después el SE se indujo tras las administración de clorhidrato de pilocarpina (100 mg/Kg, s.c.; n=10). El grupo control se inyectó con LiCl y solución salina (n=8). El día posnatal 21 se analizó la memoria de trabajo con el modelo de reconocimiento de un objeto nuevo. Resultados. La exploración del objeto nuevo y familiar no difirió entre las ratas con SE y el grupo control; tampoco el índice de discriminación contrasto entre los grupos de animales. Conclusión.El SE inducido en animales de 14 días de edad no modifica la memoria de trabajo evaluada durante el día posnatal 21.

Abstract

Introduction. Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological condition characterized by continuous seizures during a prolonged period or by seizures occurring so frequently that an individual does not fully recover from one seizure before having another. SE occurs more frequently in the pediatric population and causes long term deficits in learning and memory in humans and experimental animals. However, no evidence exists about the effect of SE induced in developing rats on working memory. Objective. To study the effect of SE induced in fourteen days old rat pups (P14) on working memory during the twenty-one postnatal day (P21). Methods. SE was induced by using the lithium-pilocarpine model: rats were given 3 mEq/Kg lithium chloride (LiCl) i.p. on the day before the induction of SE, which was carried out at P14 by a subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/Kg pilocarpine hydrochloride. Control animals were given an equal volume of LiCl and saline subcutaneously, respectively. Memory was evaluated by using the novel recognition object model at P21. Results. SE did not modify the time of exploration of the familiar and novel object nor the discrimination index as compared with control group. Conclusion. SE induced in P14 rats does not modify working memory evaluated during the P21.

Keywords: Status epilepticus; working memory; developing rats; novel recognition object model.


Palabras clave


Status epilepticus; memoria de trabajo; ratas en desarrollo; modelo de reconocimiento de un objeto nuevo.

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Referencias


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